What is a Fire Extinguisher?
A fire extinguisher is a portable device designed to control or extinguish small fires in emergency situations. It contains pressurized chemicals that can put out fires by cooling the burning material, removing oxygen, or stopping chemical reactions.
Types of Fire Extinguishers
Water (Class A)
Used for ordinary combustibles like paper, wood, and textiles. Not suitable for electrical or flammable liquid fires.
Foam (Class A and B)
Effective on flammable liquids and solids. Foam extinguishers create a blanket that smothers the fire and prevents re-ignition.
Dry Powder (ABC Extinguisher)
Versatile and suitable for most fire types, including electrical fires. Often used in industrial and commercial settings.
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
Ideal for electrical fires and flammable liquids. CO₂ extinguishers leave no residue, making them suitable for offices and electronics.
Wet Chemical
Specifically designed for kitchen fires involving cooking oils and fats. Commonly used in commercial kitchens and restaurants.
When and How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
The PASS Technique
To safely operate a fire extinguisher, remember the PASS method:
Pull the pin
Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire
Squeeze the handle
Sweep from side to side
When Not to Use
Do not use a fire extinguisher if:
The fire is spreading rapidly
The room is filled with smoke
You are unsure of the type of fire or the correct extinguisher to use
Always call emergency services first and ensure your own safety.
Importance of Fire Extinguishers
Early Fire Control: Extinguishers help contain fires before they spread.
Safety Compliance: Required by law in homes, offices, and public buildings.
Peace of Mind: Knowing how to use a fire extinguisher can save lives and property.
Maintenance and Inspection
Fire extinguishers must be inspected regularly to ensure they are in working condition:
Check pressure levels
Ensure seals and tamper indicators are intact
Keep them accessible and properly mounted
Have a professional service them annually
Conclusion
Fire extinguishers are critical safety tools that every home and workplace should have. Understanding their types, uses, and proper maintenance ensures you’re prepared to respond quickly and effectively in case of a fire emergency.